WORKCOVER
WorkCover - Victoria
WorkCover is a compulsory insurance policy which all Victorian employers must have for the benefit of their employees. The only exception being that some employers have opted out of the Victorian WorkCover scheme and are instead covered by Comcare. WorkCover insurance is a ‘no fault’ policy which means that to have your WorkCover claim accepted, you do not need to establish that your injury is caused by your employer’s fault. WorkCover insurance is designed to provide you with income whilst you cannot work and medical treatment/retraining to get you back to work. The WorkCover policy itself is a good insurance policy but it is managed by private insurance companies which is what makes the scheme very difficult. The difficulty navigating the scheme is why it is often necessary to engage a solicitor
An accepted WorkCover claim has three components of cover to it:
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Weekly payments
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Medical and like expenses
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A lump sum permanent impairment payment.
On 31 March 2024 an amendment to the Workplace Injury Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2013 (Vic) came into force. The implication of this amendment is that it is now more difficult for a worker with a mental injury to have an accepted WorkCover claim. If you are considering making a WorkCover claim in respect of a mental injury, it is important that you seek legal advice.
When will a WorkCover claim be accepted? 1.In the context of physical injuries, you must have an injury contributed to by your employment. If your injury occurred gradually (as opposed to being caused by a specific event) or you have a pre-existing injury made worse by your employment, then the contribution from work must be ‘significant’. In this context ‘significant’ does not mean dominant or primary….it just means that there must be a material contribution from work to your current injury. With respect to a mental injury, for the injury to give rise to an entitlement to compensation, it must have arisen predominantly out of the course of employment. If you experience an aggravation of a pre-existing mental health injury, that aggravation or exacerbation must have predominantly been caused by your employment. For example, if you have a pre-existing mental health injury and are on psychotropic medication and consulting a psychologist but attending work consistently, and then something happens at work causing a deterioration in your mental health and an incapacity for work, work will need to be considered a ‘predominant’ contribution towards the deterioration in your mental health. The fact that you have a pre-existing injury will not alone prevent you from making a WorkCover claim. 2.You must have a certificate of capacity completed by your medical practitioner certifying you unfit for work and/or specifying a restriction in your capacity for work. This certificate must be in the prescribed WorkCover form and an ordinary medical certificate will not suffice. The first certificate can be for a maximum of 14 days and every certificate thereafter is for a maximum of 28 days (in some situations you can get certificates covering periods of up to 3 months but this is only for permanent long-term medical conditions). All medical practitioners have access to these Certificates. 3.If you are making a WorkCover claim for a psychiatric injury, your injury must not be wholly and predominantly caused by reasonable management action taken in a reasonable manner. In other words, if the whole cause of your injury is management action taken by your employer in a reasonable manner, then you are disentitled to the benefit of WorkCover insurance. Further, there is no entitlement to compensation in respect of an injury which is predominantly caused by work related stress or burnout which has arisen from events that may be considered ‘usual or typical’ and reasonably expected to occur in the course of a worker’s duties. In other words, if the predominant cause of your mental injury is the performance of the ordinary duties of your role which are expected of your profession, you may be disentitled to compensation. These exclusions are often used by the WorkCover insurers to deny claims for psychiatric injury. For this reason, we recommend that prior to completing your WorkCover claim form you contact our office for advice on how to complete the claim form.
What Benefits are payable on an accepted WorkCover claim? 1. Weekly Payments: If you have an incapacity for work or a restriction/limit on your capacity to work, you will be entitled to receive a weekly payment. You are entitled to receive a weekly payment in lieu of your ordinary earnings. Weekly payments are paid at a reduced percentage of your ordinary earnings: •First 13 weeks of incapacity – 95% of your ordinary earnings •Subsequent 117 weeks of incapacity – 80% of your ordinary earnings. Your ordinary earnings are generally the average weekly amount that you earned prior to injury. This is calculated with reference to what you earned in the 52 weeks prior to your injury. There are maximum amounts that will be paid by way of a weekly payment and these maximum amounts increase each year. If your ordinary earnings include income generated from the performance of overtime work, this component of income is excluded after 52 weeks resulting in a reduction in your weekly payments. If you have a WorkCover claim which was accepted before 31 March 2024, you can obtain weekly payments for a period of more than 130 weeks if it is established that you have a permanent and total incapacity for all employment. If you are entitled to receive weekly payments beyond 130 weeks, they are then payable until the age of 67 years (unless injured when 67 or older and then you are entitled to a limit of 130 weeks of weekly payments). For WorkCover claims lodged and accepted after 31 March 2024, to receive weekly payments for a period of more than 130 weeks, you must undergo an impairment assessment pursuant to the AMA Guides and rate as having a 21% or more ‘Whole Person Impairment’ (‘WPI’). It also must also be determined that you have no current work capacity which is likely to continue indefinitely. There are other situations in which you may be entitled to weekly payments beyond 130 weeks. For example, if you have returned to work but are earning less than 80% of your pre-injury income and you have a whole person impairment of 21% or more, you may be entitled to a top-up payment from the insurer and this is payable potentially until the age of 67 years. Another situation is where you have received weekly payments for 130 weeks and then you return to work, but you subsequently have surgery causing a period of incapacity. In this situation, you may be entitled to an extra 3 months of weekly payments covering the surgery period and resultant recovery. Disputes can often arise in respect of the payment of weekly payments. Common disputes include the insurer incorrectly calculating ordinary earnings resulting in a reduced weekly payment and refusal to pay weekly payments in circumstances where they should be paid. If you have any concern about the payment of your weekly payments, please contact our office for advice. 2. You are entitled to be paid all reasonable medical and like expenses. The test as to whether a treatment/service will be paid is whether it is reasonable and appropriate and it provides a functional benefit to the performance of activities of daily life and/or your capacity to work. If you are seeking the insurer to fund a medical expense, you should obtain approval from the insurer prior to the expense being incurred. To do this, obtain a note from your treatment provider as to why the treatment/service is needed and then email that note to the insurer and request funding approval. The insurer has 10 days to respond. You should chase them up. If you receive a ‘no’ or you are otherwise unhappy with the insurer’s response/lack of response, then you should contact our office for advice. As a general rule, Mr Wolf Legal does not charge costs to assist you with having the insurer pay a medical treatment/service. The payment of medical and like expenses is not limited to medication and medical treatment. It includes ancillary matters such as retraining, gymnasium and swimming membership, home-help and gardening assistance. 3.Permanent Impairment Compensation is a once off payment payable in addition to weekly payments and medical and like expenses. It is a payment paid for permanent injuries only. To receive the payment, you must be assessed by an independent doctor appointed by the insurer. That doctor must then determine that you have rated at least the threshold level of impairment to receive compensation. There are three different thresholds depending on the nature of your injury. Physical injuries which are not musculoskeletal must rate 10%, psychiatric injuries must rate 30% and musculoskeletal injuries must rate 5% to receive compensation. Psychiatric injuries which are secondary/consequential to a physical injury are not entitled to be assessed for permanent impairment payment. The assessment of impairment is conducted in accordance with the American Medical Association Guides 4th Edition. As the payment is payable once only, the law requires that your injury is stable prior to making the claim. An injury is generally considered stable when it is unlikely to improve/deteriorate significantly in the foreseeable future. There is no set period of time in which you have to make an impairment claim so in other words, it is never too late. If you think you have sustained a permanent injury, we encourage you to contact the team at Mr Wolf Legal for some free advice.
Common Law Damages Claim
A common law damages claim is a claim that is separate and distinct from your WorkCover claim. A common law claim is a claim made pursuant to the common law and it seeks to compensate you for the permanent impact of your injury on your enjoyment of activities of daily life. To be successful in the claim you must have (1) a serious injury and (2) the injury must have been caused by the negligence of your employer or a third party.
To have a serious injury you must have either a 30% whole person impairment pursuant to the American Medical Association Guides 4th Edition or you must meet the narrative test of serious injury. The narrative test is the most common way to establish serious injury. To satisfy the narrative test of serious injury you must establish that your injury is permanent and that the permanent impact of the injury on your life is considerable/severe.
If it is that you have satisfied the test of serious injury, in order to receive compensation you must show that the serious injury has been caused by negligence. To establish negligence, you generally need to show that the system of work was such that it was or should have been foreseeable to you sustaining injury and steps could have been taken, that were not taken, that would have prevented your injury. If it is that it is evidenced that your injury was the result of injury, compensation will then be awarded commensurate with your estimated past and future economic loss and your pain and suffering.